This assignment shows a research problem, purpose statement, plan, data collection methods, and hospital acquired condition.

Problem Statement

In the United States Every year, between 4,000 and 6,000 surgeries are known to result in a patient having a retained surgical item of some kind inside their body. More than 28 million operations are typically performed by surgeons annually, having the greatest rate of surgery mistakes (Zejhullahu, et a., 2017). In the US, medical mistakes rate as the third most common cause of death (Tabizadeh & Patel, 2020). Intentional storage of foreign objects (URFOs) rank third among sentinel events that happen in healthcare settings, according to The Joint Commission (TJC) (Quick Safety 20: Strategies to Prevent URFOs (Updated May 2022) | the Joint Commission, 2022). Sentinel accidents are described as an unexpected occurrence, which results in mortality, or bodily, or psychological injury to a patient according to the TJC (Fenner, 2019). Any item accidentally left within a patient’s body after surgery, such as sponges, clips, needs, and caps, is referred to be URFO. URFOs, also known as retained surgical items (RSIs), are defined by the Joint Commission (TJC) as the unintentional remnants of a surgical tool inside the body of a patient after their surgery(Fenner, 2019). Maintained surgical tools can hurt patients both emotionally and physically, as well as increase their risk of infection or even death. Mistaken injection of foreign objects into the body raises the serious risk of sepsis. In 2004, the TJC adopted the Universal Protocol in 2004 to cope with the increase of this sort of sentinel occurrence (The Joint Commission, 2020). The steps outlined in this protocol aim to lessen the probability that medical professionals could select a wrong side, setting, or person. To reduce the risk of patient damage, each person in the operating theater would double verify all steps and practices. The value of TJC’s techniques is still uncertain according to current studies. Mistakes remain to occur, even more so in particularly stressful surgeries. According to recent research, the value of TJC’s procedures is still uncertain. Errors still occur, and in extremely tense operating rooms even more so. The hospital’s and the surgeon’s credibility are called into doubt when errors of this nature occur and are made public. Hospital openness shows the public that errors can happen, but it also highlights a serious risk (Liber, 2018). Within the healthcare industry, there is always space for improvement. Hospitals have to evaluate their present policies and practices and make the necessary changes. Corrective steps against mistakes must be developed and implemented to redefine patient safety. The public is reassured by the hospital’s and the doctor’s desire to learn from mistakes made, which shows that they acknowledge the fault and will enhance them to provide the best possible patient care and well-being (Birolini, et al., 2016).

Part2

Purpose statement

The study aims to develop a user-friendly safety model to reduce the frequency of HACs, particularly retained surgical items. The Five Safer Surgery Steps, created by The World Health Organization in 2008, include briefing, sign in, time out, sign out, and debriefing. Following these steps can significantly reduce RSI errors and increase patient safety, ensuring reliability and accuracy in the implementation of these safety measures. The statement aims to enhance surgical education, improve processes, and reduce RSI safety mistakes in operating rooms, as RSIs are more common in emergency operations. This study’s goal is to create or enhance a user-friendly safety model that decreases the frequency HAC’s, in particular retained surgical items. Like Pyrek, who has also been working to reduce the frequency of RSI’s. Also, healthcare surgical teams create safer operating procedures and find the errors in the surgical team’s timeout processes (Pyrek, 2017). The introduction and use of multiple safety plans including the Five Safer Surgery Steps, created by The World Health Organization in 2008, would decrease RSI errors (Hartley, 2018). The Five Safer Surgery Steps include briefing, sign in, time out, sign out, and debriefing (Hartley, 2018). Following these steps would show positive outcomes in preventing these issues. The overall goal for this research is to provide zero error surgical methods to prevent RSI’s and increase patient safety. Applying evidence-based methods published within the last five years, reliability and accuracy will leave no room for researcher bias when suggested changes are implemented. Dependability will be constant because the NPSA programs have reduced RSI in hospitals worldwide since their launch in 2008 (Copelan